Coconut Farming: Golden Tips for 40% better Yield

Coconut Farming: An Introduction

Coconut farming plays a significant part in the economy of India. Aside from the significance of copra and coconut oil which are generally utilized in the assembling of cleansers, hair oil, beauty care products, and other modern items, its husk is a source of fibre that upholds a sizable coir industry.

The delicate nut supplies coconut water, a well-known refreshment drink; with health benefits which is worth a multi-crore business everywhere in India. Virgin coconut oil (VCO), extricated from new and fresh coconut portions with next to no synthetic chemicals is plentiful in nutrients, minerals, and anti-oxidants, hence making it the mother, of all oils.

Climatic conditions requirements

The coconut palm is found to develop under changing climatic circumstances. It is basically a tropical plant growing generally between 20 N 20 S latitudes. In any case, precipitation of around 2000 mm each year, well distributed all through, is great for quality growth and development along with maximum production.

Soil conditions requirements

Coconut farming is performed under various soil types, for example, loamy, laterite, seaside sandy, alluvial, clayey, and recovered soils of the muddy marshes.

The ideal soil conditions for better development of the palm are planned drainage, great water-holding limit, the presence of water table inside 3m, and also the non-appearance of any rock or hard base within 2m of the surface.

Coconut Varieties

There are just two particular varieties of coconut, the tall and the dwarf.

The tall cultivars which are widely grown are the West Coast Tall and East Coast Tall. The dwarf variety is more limited in height and its life expectancy is short when compared with the tall one.

Tall x Dwarf (TxD), Dwarf x Tall (DxT) are the two significant crossovers.

There are 10 different blends of half and halves, created by Kerala Agriculture University and Tamil Nadu Agriculture University and delivered for business development. They are high yielders under great management conditions.

Laccadive Ordinary, Andaman Ordinary, Philippines, Java, Cochin-China, Kappadam, and so on are the other tall cultivars being cultivated.

Irrigation requirements for Coconut Farming

Coconut cultivations grow well when irrigated following the summer irrigation technique, for example, summer irrigation at 40 liters for each palm per week increments the yield of coconuts by 50%.

Under basin irrigation systems, 200 liters for each palm once in four days proves to be highly advantageous.

In regions where water is scarce, drip irrigation systems can be taken on. The amount of water suggested for the drip water system in coconut is 66% of the open pan evaporation.

Manuring Requirement for Coconut Plantations

Regular manuring from the primary year of farming is fundamental to accomplish higher productivity. For coconut farming, 20 to 50kg of natural and organic manure ought to be applied per palm each year, with the onset of the southwest monsoon when the soil moisture content is high.

Various types of natural fertilizers like manure, yard compost, bone feast, fish dinner, blood supper, neem cake, groundnut cake, and so on could be used in Coconut farming.

Harvesting

Coconuts are harvested at different times of the year. The frequency of harvest is different in various regions depending upon the yield of the trees. In well-maintained cultivation with high-yielding palms, bunches are delivered consistently and harvesting is done one per month.

Coconuts ripe and mature in around a year post the opening of the spathe. It is the ripe coconut that is the contributor to major and significant coconut items. Coconuts which are eleven months old produce fibres of good quality and can be gathered in the lots where green husks are required for the manufacturing of coir fibre. The economic life of a coconut plant is around 65 years.

UTKARSH Integrated Fertilizer in Coconut Farming

Fertilizer & Spray Program for 1 acre

COCONUT FERTIGATION SCHEDULE

Stage of crop	Fertilizer application method	Time for use	Name of products	Quantity in kg/liter
Before sowing	Soil application	Basal dose	Compost	20-25 kg/tree
			SSP	0.5 kg/tree
			Urea	1 kg/tree
			MOP	2.0 kg/tree
		After 6 months of planting	Compost	10 kg/tree/year
2nd year		Rainfed conditions – apply in 2 split doses, 1/3rd at time of monsoon showers in April-June and 2/3rd in September- october.	Compost	20 kg/tree/year
			Urea	300 g/plant
			Single Super phosphate	500 g/plant
			MOP	500 g/plant
			Combi Soil	50 gm/plant
3rd year			Compost	30 kg/plant/year
			Urea	600 g/plant
			Single Super phosphate	1000 g/plant

	Soil application	Irrigation Conditions – In 3 or 4 equal split, April-May, August- September, December and February- March	MOP	1000 g/plant
			Combi Soil	100 gm/plant
4th year			Compost	40 kg/plant/year
			Urea	900 g/plant
			Single Super phosphate	1500 g/plant
			MOP	1500 g/plant
			Combi Soil	150 gm/plant
5th and 6th year			Compost	50 kg/plant/year
			Urea	1300 g/plant
			Super phosphate	2000 g/plant
			MOP	2000 g/plant
			Combi Soil	200 gm/plant
7th years onwards			Compost	60-70 kg/plant/year
			Urea	1500 g/plant
			Super phosphate	2500 g/plant
			MOP	2500 g/plant
			Combi Soil	200 gm/plant
			Magnesium sulphate	500 gm/palm/year
Note: After every fertilizer application, In 200 litre water, take 1 kg Microbes. Give 4-5 litre solution where fertilizer is applied.
SPRAY AND DRENCHING SCHEDULE

Stalk emergence	Drenching		Horse power	15 litre/acre
			Roots multiplier	2 litre/acre
			Stress free	2 litre/acre
Inflorescence stage	Drenching	After 2 month of stalk emergence	Horse power	15 litre/acre
		After 2 month of stalk emergence	Roots multiplier	2 litre/acre

			Stress free	2 litre/acre
Fruit size Development	Drenching		13:00:45	5 kg/acre
			F enhancer	1 kg/acre
			Bhim Plus	500 ml/acre
Fruit quality	Drenching		Combi-2	500 gm/acre
			00:00:50	5 kg/acre
Maturity	Drenching	At 9 to 12 month stage	00:00:50	5 kg/acre
		At 9 to 12 month stage	F enhancer	500 gm/acre

Insects observed	Drenching	Rhinoceros Beetle	GrubNIL	2 ml/liter
	Filling the crown	Red palm weevil	Neemoz CP	3-4 ml/liter
	Root feeding	Black headed Caterpillar	Neemoz CP	3-4 ml/liter
		Rats	Neemoz CP	3-4 ml/liter
	Root feeding	Scale insect	Neemoz CP	3-4 ml/liter
	Spraying	Mealy bug	Bio Clean Sweep	4 ml/litre
	Root feeding	White Grub	GrubNIL	2 ml/liter
	Root feeding	Termites	TermNIL	2 ml/liter
	Root feeding	Eriophid Mite	Neemoz CP	3-4 ml/liter

Disease Observed	Drenching	Bud rot	FungFree	2 ml/liter
	Spraying	Leaf rot	FungFree	2 ml/liter
	Drenching or with compost	Stem Bleeding	FungFree	2 ml/liter
	Drenching	Root(Wilt)	FungFree	2 ml/liter
	Drenching	Tanjavur wilt	FungFree	2 ml/liter